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Seminaries Under Stress: Further Details on TEC Seminary Downgrades

Monday, March 17, 2008 • 2:08 pm


InsideHigherEd has fascinating details about the Episcopal seminaries—read the entire article:

Of the 11 Episcopal seminaries in the United States, one recently announced it would end its main residential program, another is shutting down one of its campuses, and a third is selling a good portion of its campus. The changes reflect not only each institution’s own financial or enrollment straits but also changes that are coming in Episcopal seminary education, which has historically played a key role in American theological life. Among them are an embrace of distance education and new, more flexible alternatives to the traditional residential seminary model thus far sustained for centuries, and ever-increasing numbers of collaborations involving other seminaries, Episcopal and non, and non-sectarian colleges, as tiny institutions struggle to survive.

Among the developments:

Episcopal Divinity School (EDS), in Cambridge, Mass., sold seven buildings on its eight-acre campus to Lesley University, a non-sectarian institution, for $33.5 million. Under the terms of the sale, announced Thursday, EDS will maintain ownership of 13 buildings. As part of the agreement, Lesley, which has already housed undergraduates on the seminary’s campus under a leasing arrangement for about three years, will now own residence halls and a dining facility on EDS’ grounds. The two institutions will share a library.
Bexley Hall Seminary, which in 1998 began a gradual move from Rochester to its native state of Ohio to affiliate with Trinity Lutheran Seminary, is completely closing its Rochester satellite, prompted by concerns about re-accreditation of a very small branch campus and limited prospects for future growth.
And, most dramatically, Seabury-Western Theological Seminary, in Evanston, Ill., recently said it would shut down its three-year residential master of divinity (M.Div.) program, the traditional backbone of a seminary’s offerings. Seabury-Western has scaled back its course offerings significantly for the coming year — suspending recruitment and admissions for all programs, pledging to help masters’ and certificate students “find alternative arrangements for the completion of their programs” as needed, and negotiating the terms of a teach-out with a Methodist seminary located across the street. All those who graduate through 2009 will receive Seabury-Western degrees. Beyond that, officials say, details are still to be determined.


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The article says that full-time enrollment across the 11 Episcopal seminaries has fallen 25%. Two thirds of seminarians are estimated to graduate in debt, an estimated average of $63,000 per debtor graduate. And contributions to the Episcopal seminaries are down due to the conflict.

Full-time enrollment in the three-year residential M.Div. program has fallen by 25 percent across the 11 Episcopal seminaries over the last three years, even as the number of individuals ordained has stayed relatively constant, said the Rev. Canon John L.C. Mitman, executive director of The Society for the Increase of the Ministry. His group, which provides need-based scholarship support to Episcopal seminarians, has also surveyed one major factor likely contributing to the declines: increasing debt loads.

For the class of 2006: While a third of Episcopal seminarians enrolled in three-year residential M.Div. programs had no debt whatsoever, of the two-thirds with debt, the amount averaged $39,085 halfway through a student’s seminary career, Reverend Mitman said. That cumulative figure includes consumer and automobile debt as well as all education debts, including those accumulated in the undergraduate years.

For those graduating this May, the average figure rose to $48,978. Estimating that those seminarians will accumulate another $14,000 in debt before finishing, that leaves them with $63,000 or so in average debt upon entering a profession where $45,500 is the average beginning compensation.

Across the association, Aleshire said, theological institutions derive about a third of their revenue from tuition. But unlike private liberal arts colleges, which are often tuition-dependent, seminaries can’t usually salve financial stresses by either increasing tuition or enrollment. “Financial stress is resolved by building endowments and increasing individual gifts,” he said — pointing out too that the Episcopal church itself has been in conflict (most famously for debates over gay bishops, and homosexuality and the church more generally).

“The Episcopal church has a lot of conflict right now, and contributions to theological schools are affected by denominational conflict. If you’re not sure what the church is going to be in 20 years, you’re not ready to endow a chair this year,” said Aleshire.

[1] Posted by Deja Vu on 03-17-2008 at 03:46 PM • top

“The Episcopal church has a lot of conflict right now, and contributions to theological schools are affected by denominational conflict. If you’re not sure what the church is going to be in 20 years, you’re not ready to endow a chair this year,” said Aleshire.

“There’s a sense in which all 11 of these institutions have been providing kind of the same product,” he continued. “I would imagine that Seabury-Western and EDS and others are going to, as they make these organizational changes, develop different kinds of patterns of theological education.”

To quote my offspring, “Duh!”

[2] Posted by dwstroudmd+ on 03-17-2008 at 03:48 PM • top

[2] dwstroudmd,
Why the “Duh!” ???
I thought there were two Episcopal seminaries providing a different product—Nashotah House and Trinity. I wonder if they have also had declining enrollment in their residential program. cool hmm

[3] Posted by Deja Vu on 03-17-2008 at 03:54 PM • top

Deja Vu, I concur.  This was limited to the 11 ‘recognized’ by the ECUSA/TEC/GCC/PolitboroChurch.  You know, the ones producing the same product.  Nashota is engaged in change at present towards the Trinity model and may no longer count.

[4] Posted by dwstroudmd+ on 03-17-2008 at 04:22 PM • top

Here are the eleven Episcopal seminaries as listed on the <a/ href=http://www.episcopalchurch.org/8020_58606_ENG_HTM.htm>seminaries page of the official Episcopal Church website</a>:

Berkeley Divinity School at Yale, New Haven, CT

Bexley Hall, Rochester, NY and Columbus, OH

Church Divinity School of the Pacific (CDSP), Berkeley, CA

Episcopal Theological Seminary of the Southwest, Austin, TX

The General Theological Seminary, New York, NY

Nashotah House, Nashotah, WI

School of Theology of The University of the South, Sewanee, TN

Seabury-Western Theological Seminary, Evanston, IL

Trinity Episcopal School for Ministry, Ambridge, PA

Virginia Theological Seminary (VTS), Alexandria, VA

Episcopal Divinity School (EDS), Cambridge, MA

[5] Posted by Deja Vu on 03-17-2008 at 04:39 PM • top

Nashotah & Trinity are two of the 11; their students should be reasonably orthodox.  VTS, Sewanee, Yale (which has an Episcopal sub-division), and Austin are quite variable, and VTS (my alma mater) is rapidly moving left.  CDSP and EDS are theologically nuts.  I don’t know much at all about the others.

Gordon-Conwell, an evangelical seminary, has recently begun an Anglican track, as has another evangelical seminary (Fuller, I think).  These will produce orthodox graduates.  So we have four orthodox settings for theological education—I hope that they will supply clergy for orthodox Anglicanism for many, many years.

[6] Posted by AnglicanXn on 03-17-2008 at 04:48 PM • top

I wonder if low volume enrollment is part of the problem.  I costs almost as much to educate twenty as it does onehundred students.  I would think there would be a long line to get into TEC seminaries.  The job opportunities would sound great:  tuition paid by the dioscese, lots of easy social science classes, cushy job as priest, avoid the draft, instant elevation to the upper class, nice costumes to wear, little sexual restraints,  very short sermons to prepare, free licquor and wine, lots of buddies and peers who are top minds, no severe doctrinal requirment.  They need to advertise.  As for their debt, it is less than almost any professional program.  They could moonlight and pay that off, such as working in casinos, taverns, paid demonstraters, etc.  What am I overlooking?  Such a deal.  Not a slave to spell checker.  PM

[7] Posted by PROPHET MICAIAH on 03-17-2008 at 05:05 PM • top

[7] PROPHET MICAIAH
LOL

[8] Posted by Deja Vu on 03-17-2008 at 05:49 PM • top

DV, hmmmm, wonder why the new bishop of SC had such a difficulty getting placed if Trinity is really one of the 11 ?  Must be some seminaries are more equal than others, huh?  Like canons?

Ya think?

[9] Posted by dwstroudmd+ on 03-17-2008 at 06:26 PM • top

#4

Nashota[h] is engaged in change at present towards the Trinity model and may no longer count.

What information do you have that this is the case?  What is the “Trinity model” and in what sense is Nashotah moving toward this?

[10] Posted by Occasional Reader on 03-17-2008 at 06:29 PM • top

Thank you, Prophet Micaiah, for your incisive analysis regarding my cushy job as a priest. Indeed, I was one of the fortunate ones to graduate from seminary with no education debt – this was due to a combination of factors:

1. I completely liquidated the capital gain made on the sale of my house.
2. The seminary I attended was in a position to offer me a tuition grant.
3. My sponsoring parish provided “over-the-top” support in the form of monthly assistance for living expenses.
4. A generous field education parish permitted me to work for a summer between my middler and senior year in exchange for paying the health insurance premiums for my family for those three months so that we didn’t have to use a credit card.
5. Untold numbers of Daughters of the King/Episcopal Church Women/Brotherhood of St. Andrew/Cursillo folks whose personal checks always seemed to show up in mailbox at “just the right time”.

In my case, the total financial support from my sponsoring diocese was $5,500.00 spread out over the three academic years – which represents less than one-half of the tuition of my first year of seminary. And well before I graduated, I was informed there were no positions (cushy or otherwise) available for me “back home”.

I may be mistaken, but I don’t believe there was a draft on when I returned to school in 1999 at the age of 40.

I made every effort to avoid easy social science classes…opting instead to spend most of my spare time combing through the stacks in the library. I graduated “cum laude” with The Rev. Mr. Kennedy as one of the nine members of our class of 40+ to do so. While he and I had our disagreements in seminary, we engaged each other in a mutually respectful and open-hearted fashion.

In the course of my life, I’ve worked as a maintenance person, painter, construction laborer, logger, short order cook, warehouse laborer, truck driver, service station attendant (that one was an 85 hour a week assignment), janitor, janitorial services manager and insurance agent…I’ve never been afraid of putting my back or my shoulders or my nose to the job that needed to be done. I was raised in a blue-collar family and I’m proud of my blue-collar heritage. In my role as rector of a parish, I’ve changed light bulbs, repaired toilets, cleaned carpets, painted walls, dug flowerbeds, cut the grass and shoveled the walks of the rectory and the church during the all-too-frequent snowfalls here in the Upper Midwest – including my 7 hour stint spreading ice melt and shoveling slush by myself in our parking lot in advance of Christmas Eve Services last December. 

For the record, I still shop at bargain stores for my trousers (so I can afford the hyper-priced clergy shirts that churchfolks seem to expect me to wear). The last really nice suit I received was a gift – everything else was second-hand or hand-me-downs or “seconds” at the local outlet store.  I drive a low-end, late model, economy car with almost 100K miles on it. The only time I’ve gone to a local restaurant that is a favorite establishment of my parishioners is when I’ve received a gift certificate. Perhaps ordination raised me to the “appearance” of the upper-class, but I after having eaten Navy Bean soup (not bad for a middle-aged draft dodger, huh?) for the better part of the past week, I don’t feel so upper crust.

My wife and I have been married for 20 years…so I’m not living the libertine lifestyle you seem to assume for TEC clergy types.

I pay for my own beverages (“spirited” or otherwise).

And maybe, the assumption is that any clergyperson still in TEC is, by association, without doctrine – I still hold to my ordination vows and I do believe the Old and New Testaments to be the Word of God and to contain all things necessary for salvation….and for the record, I signed that statement twice – in front of God, the Bishop, and everybody else…and I really do believe it to be so.

Your point is well-taken that the graduating an ordinand’s debt load is still significantly less than any other profession (i.e., doctors and lawyers)…but here’s my experience. My salary as a parish administrator of an Episcopal Church before seminary was $36,000/year (the parish covered the costs associated with my family’s health insurance). After seminary, my starting salary was $42,000 (which was $4,000 above the “diocesan minimums”). Assuming a 3% per annum “Cost of Living Adjustment”, this means that I began my ordained ministry making around $2700 more than I would have made had I simply stayed in my previous job. (Oh, and I did work a second job the first year I worked as the Parish Administrator, and I would happily do it again, but my hours these days are a bit less predictable than when I was a lay employee). So, it would take a while to pay off a $40K debt and interest at $2700/year.

I do apologize if all of this comes across as defensive…but I thought you just might want to know that there are some of us who aren’t afraid to work, would happily preach for longer than 10 minutes, and are currently doing our best to find ways in which we can support ourselves so that we never, ever have to feel beholden to people who feel as if we are parasites on the pocketbooks of the faithful…but then again, maybe you didn’t want to know.

If I’ve broken the spirit of charity on this site, I truly do apologize

[11] Posted by tosapriest on 03-17-2008 at 07:04 PM • top

Golly, where are all these 10 minute sermons being preached? Not at my church!

[12] Posted by PollyPrim on 03-17-2008 at 08:53 PM • top

Tosapriest, well now we have it.  You were over qualified!  And not everyone who comes out of a TEC seminary can be “succesful.”  I would love to meet you someday since I believe I could get you just as good a job in the Dixie Diocese.  I sincerely hope the people in your church realize what a good deal they have in you.  You really are over two standard deviations over the bell shaped curve of TEC.  Ever thought about moving on to a different area of service?

[13] Posted by PROPHET MICAIAH on 03-17-2008 at 09:19 PM • top

Oh come on Tosapriest, everyone knows that priests only work one hour per week, which entitles them to fabulously high pay and a weekly free chicken dinner from the parishioner of their choice.

[14] Posted by Shumanbean on 03-17-2008 at 09:54 PM • top

One point in Prophet Micaiah’s obviously humorous comment (#7) needs a touch of reality: “tuition paid by the dioscese [sic].”  TEC is the only mainline tradition that doesn’t provide any direct support to seminaries (other than a small amount to General Seminary, which is part of the GC budget) or any support to seminarians.  Most dioceses provide <u>NO</u> support to their seminarians (and very few parishes can provide enough assistance), which is why the huge debt figures mentioned by other commenters are sadly true. 

Dan Aleshire’s report (quoted by Deja Vu in comment #1) contains one important lesson:  “The Episcopal church has a lot of conflict right now, and contributions to theological schools are affected by denominational conflict.”  Hint: Things are tight, even in the conservative seminaries.  If you want any orthodox Anglican seminaries around in 10 years, you had better support the ones you have.

I’d also like to know what #4 meant by “Nashota[h] is engaged in change at present towards the Trinity model…”  I thought Trinity was engaged in change toward the Nashotah model. http://www.standfirminfaith.com/pm/images/smileys/shade_grin.gif

Robert S. Munday+
Dean and President
Nashotah House

[15] Posted by ToAllTheWorld on 03-17-2008 at 10:56 PM • top

Okay, I don’t know why the danged smiley didn’t work.
http://www.standfirminfaith.com/pm/images/smileys/lol.gif

[16] Posted by ToAllTheWorld on 03-17-2008 at 10:59 PM • top

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